{"id":472,"date":"2026-04-24T06:32:13","date_gmt":"2026-04-24T06:32:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tractor-stone-crusher.com\/?p=472"},"modified":"2026-04-24T06:32:13","modified_gmt":"2026-04-24T06:32:13","slug":"stone-crusher-applications-in-tunneling-and-underground-works","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tractor-stone-crusher.com\/vi\/blog\/stone-crusher-applications-in-tunneling-and-underground-works\/","title":{"rendered":"\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng m\u00e1y nghi\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e1 trong c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u00e0o h\u1ea7m v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ng\u1ea7m."},"content":{"rendered":"

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C\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ng\u1ea7m<\/div>\n

Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i khai th\u00e1c, t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00e1 khai th\u00e1c v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u1ed1t li\u1ec7u t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7.<\/h2>\n

C\u1ea9m nang v\u1ec1 thi c\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ng\u1ea7m, h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c m\u00e1y nghi\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e1 t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1 th\u1ea3i t\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m, \u0111\u00e1 \u0111\u00e0o h\u1ea7m v\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e0o h\u1ea7m m\u00f3ng th\u00e0nh c\u1ed1t li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u2014 gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed x\u1eed l\u00fd ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i, c\u1eaft gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u c\u1ed1t li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n trong c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m giao th\u00f4ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft, gi\u1ebfng ti\u1ec7n \u00edch v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng ng\u1ea7m \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb \u1edf \u00dac.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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\u0110\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e0o h\u1ea7m \u2014 Ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb b\u1ecb s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u00edt nh\u1ea5t \u1edf \u00dac<\/h2>\n

H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb c\u1ee7a \u00dac \u2014 bao g\u1ed3m \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m giao th\u00f4ng, m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb, m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng ti\u1ec7n \u00edch v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m giao th\u00f4ng ng\u1ea7m \u2014 t\u1ea1o ra h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u t\u1ea5n \u0111\u00e1 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e0o b\u1edbi m\u1ed7i n\u0103m, hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 x\u1eed l\u00fd ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i. Tuy\u1ebfn t\u00e0u \u0111i\u1ec7n ng\u1ea7m T\u00e2y Sydney, tuy\u1ebfn t\u00e0u \u0111i\u1ec7n ng\u1ea7m ph\u00eda T\u00e2y Sydney, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m t\u00e0u \u200b\u200b\u0111i\u1ec7n ng\u1ea7m Melbourne v\u00e0 tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft xuy\u00ean s\u00f4ng Brisbane \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c tri\u1ec7u m\u00e9t kh\u1ed1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e0o b\u1edbi trong c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf x\u1eed l\u00fd ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p v\u1edbi chi ph\u00ed t\u1eeb 1.400 \u0111\u1ebfn 1.400 b\u1ea3ng Anh\/t\u1ea5n, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 chi ph\u00ed v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n. M\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n nh\u1ecf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i l\u00e0m v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea7y; h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u1ec1n nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m c\u1ed1t li\u1ec7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng trong ch\u00ednh c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3 \u2014 b\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00e1 sa th\u1ea1ch Hawkesbury thu\u1ed9c l\u01b0u v\u1ef1c Sydney, \u0111\u00e1 b\u00f9n Silurian thu\u1ed9c Melbourne v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ea7ng \u0111\u00e1 Neranleigh-Fernvale thu\u1ed9c Brisbane, v\u1ed1n c\u1ea5u th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e0o b\u1edbi t\u1eeb c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1p l\u00fd v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i \u0111ang thay \u0111\u1ed5i. Khung V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u1ecbn thu h\u1ed3i c\u1ee7a C\u01a1 quan B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng NSW v\u00e0 Khung V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng c\u1ee7a C\u01a1 quan B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng Victoria hi\u1ec7n cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00e1 \u0111\u00e0o h\u1ea7m m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i l\u00e0m c\u1ed1t li\u1ec7u, mi\u1ec5n l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u1ec1 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n. C\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, bao g\u1ed3m C\u01a1 quan Giao th\u00f4ng v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i NSW v\u00e0 C\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng Victoria, ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7u ch\u1ee9ng minh chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a cam k\u1ebft b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng trong khung \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh n\u00e0y, m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y nghi\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e1 di \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/a> Vi\u1ec7c v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh t\u1ea1i khu v\u1ef1c c\u1eeda h\u1ea7m ho\u1eb7c c\u01a1 s\u1edf qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i h\u1ea7m t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n chi ph\u00ed ph\u1ea3i x\u1eed l\u00fd th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u2014 thay \u0111\u1ed5i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n chi ph\u00ed thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n b\u00f9 tr\u1eeb chi ph\u00ed m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n, gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/p>\n

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\u0110\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i t\u1eeb h\u1ea7m \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft: \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong m\u00e1y nghi\u1ec1n<\/h2>\n

\u0110\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i t\u1eeb m\u00e1y khoan h\u1ea7m TBM so v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i t\u1eeb ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p khoan n\u1ed5 m\u00ecn: Nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1ec1 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u.<\/h3>\n

Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0o h\u1ea7m b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y khoan h\u1ea7m (TBM) t\u1ea1o ra b\u00f9n th\u1ea3i \u2013 m\u1ed9t h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p d\u1ea1ng b\u00f9n ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i kh\u00f4 g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e1 nghi\u1ec1n m\u1ecbn, t\u1eeb b\u1ee5i \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c m\u1ea3nh v\u1ee5n th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc d\u01b0\u1edbi 100mm. V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3m k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n nh\u1edd qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u1eaft c\u1ee7a TBM, nh\u01b0ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec1n l\u1ea1i l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 hai \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf ph\u1ea7n b\u00f9n m\u1ecbn c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng c\u1eaft c\u1ee7a TBM. Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0o h\u1ea7m b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p khoan v\u00e0 n\u1ed5 m\u00ecn t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c m\u1ea3nh v\u1ee5n l\u1edbn h\u01a1n, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u h\u01a1n (th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb 100\u2013500mm, v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kh\u1ed1i qu\u00e1 kh\u1ed5) c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec1n s\u01a1 c\u1ea5p tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ed1t li\u1ec7u. C\u1ea3 hai lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd th\u00f4ng qua m\u00e1y nghi\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u1ed1t li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, nh\u01b0ng c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u x\u1eed l\u00fd s\u01a1 b\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c nhau gi\u1eefa hai ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e0o h\u1ea7m.<\/p>\n

Khai th\u00e1c theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e0o h\u1edf v\u00e0 l\u1ea5p l\u1ea1i: C\u01a1 h\u1ed9i t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao nh\u1ea5t<\/h3>\n

Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e0o h\u1edf v\u00e0 l\u1ea5p (cut-and-cover) \u2013 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00f4ng h\u01a1n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft ng\u1ea7m, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m d\u00e0nh cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 ti\u1ec7n \u00edch \u2013 \u0111\u00e0o xuy\u00ean qua \u0111\u00e1 g\u1ea7n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t trong c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u1eaft h\u1edf ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t, n\u01a1i vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 t\u00e1ch v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1 b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y khoan h\u1ea7m (TBM). \u0110\u00e1 \u0111\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o h\u1edf v\u00e0 l\u1ea5p th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m, d\u1ec5 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y m\u1eabu v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n v\u1edbi kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u2013 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng. S\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y l\u00e0m cho \u0111\u00e1 \u0111\u00e0o h\u1edf v\u00e0 l\u1ea5p tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u1ec1n v\u00e0 t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng: n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 theo c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ed1t li\u1ec7u th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd qua m\u00e1y nghi\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e1 t\u1ea1i khu v\u1ef1c c\u1eeda h\u1ea7m ho\u1eb7c khu v\u1ef1c t\u1eadp k\u1ebft li\u1ec1n k\u1ec1, v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng, khu v\u1ef1c l\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea7y k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u ho\u1eb7c l\u1edbp n\u1ec1n tr\u1ea1m bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p trong ph\u1ea1m vi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i b\u00f9n TBM.<\/p>\n

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\"Cut<\/div>\n

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\u0110\u00e0o h\u1ea7m s\u00e2u: Bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e1 \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb th\u00e0nh v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb<\/h2>\n

Vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 cao t\u1ea7ng t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c khu trung t\u00e2m th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i (CBD) c\u1ee7a \u00dac \u2014 Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, Perth v\u00e0 Adelaide \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111ang t\u00edch c\u1ef1c tri\u1ec3n khai c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng th\u00e1p \u2014 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0o h\u1ea7m s\u00e2u, xuy\u00ean qua c\u00e1c t\u1ea7ng \u0111\u00e1 n\u1eb1m b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i n\u00f4ng. Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0o h\u1ea7m t\u1ea1i CBD Sydney th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1 sa th\u1ea1ch Hawkesbury \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u 5-15m d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1eb7t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng; h\u1ea7m t\u1ea1i Melbourne g\u1eb7p \u0111\u00e1 b\u00f9n v\u00e0 sa th\u1ea1ch k\u1ef7 Silur; v\u00e0 m\u00f3ng th\u00e1p t\u1ea1i Brisbane ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c t\u1ea7ng \u0111\u00e1 Neranleigh-Fernvale \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u kh\u00e1c nhau. Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0o \u0111\u00e1 \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb n\u00e0y, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf b\u1eb1ng b\u00faa \u0111\u00e1 th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n c\u1ea9u, \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho 5.000-50.000 t\u1ea5n \u0111\u00e1 cho m\u1ed7i d\u1ef1 \u00e1n th\u00e1p \u2014 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n b\u1eb1ng xe t\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c m\u1ecf \u0111\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf x\u1eed l\u00fd ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i v\u1edbi chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng do vi\u1ec7c di chuy\u1ec3n b\u1eb1ng xe t\u1ea3i qua m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng x\u00e1 CBD t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn.<\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c nghi\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e1 \u0111\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u2014 ho\u1eb7c \u1edf t\u1ea7ng h\u1ea7m trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thi c\u00f4ng (\u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n t\u1ea7ng h\u1ea7m r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 kh\u00f4ng gian) ho\u1eb7c t\u1ea1i khu v\u1ef1c t\u1eadp k\u1ebft g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3 \u2014 t\u1ea1o ra v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u1ea5p n\u1ec1n ph\u1ee5 v\u00e0 c\u1ed1t li\u1ec7u tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho vi\u1ec7c l\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea7y k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a c\u00f9ng d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1eb7c cung c\u1ea5p cho c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng li\u1ec1n k\u1ec1 trong c\u00f9ng khu v\u1ef1c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. Chi ph\u00ed ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m so v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p x\u1eed l\u00fd ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i v\u00e0 nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u c\u1ed1t li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb, n\u01a1i c\u1ea3 ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ed5 r\u00e1c ($150\u2013$300\/t\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1 h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p \u1edf Sydney v\u00e0 Melbourne) v\u00e0 c\u1ed1t li\u1ec7u nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u ($50\u2013$90\/t\u1ea5n) \u0111\u1ec1u \u1edf m\u1ee9c cao. C\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh nh\u1ecf g\u1ecdn g\u1eafn tr\u00ean m\u00e1y k\u00e9o c\u1ee7a Watanabe r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh n\u00e0y v\u00ec n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb v\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh trong c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c t\u1eadp k\u1ebft \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf m\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb di \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ef1 h\u00e0nh kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd giao th\u00f4ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed giao di\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

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Bi\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i h\u1ea7m m\u1ecf th\u00e0nh c\u1ed1t li\u1ec7u t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u2014 Quy tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd<\/h3>\n
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1<\/div>\n
\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng<\/strong>L\u1ea5y m\u1eabu t\u1eebng khu v\u1ef1c khai qu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 s\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ecba h\u00f3a (pH, kim lo\u1ea1i n\u1eb7ng, hydrocarbon, kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t ami\u0103ng). X\u00e1c nh\u1eadn kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m nguy h\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i v\u00e0o ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh nghi\u1ec1n. \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 th\u1ea1ch h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a c\u1ed1t li\u1ec7u.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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2<\/div>\n
S\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i qu\u00e1 kh\u1ed5<\/strong>Lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t (s\u1ee3i th\u00e9p t\u1eeb b\u00ea t\u00f4ng phun, m\u1ea3nh v\u1ee5n v\u00e1n g\u1ed7). D\u00f9ng b\u00faa th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1eadp v\u1ee1 c\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i qu\u00e1 kh\u1ed5 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng t\u1ed1i \u0111a c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y nghi\u1ec1n. Lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u1ed1t th\u00e9p kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c m\u1ea3nh v\u1ee5n li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi b\u00ea t\u00f4ng phun.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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3<\/div>\n
Nghi\u1ec1n s\u01a1 c\u1ea5p<\/strong>M\u00e1y nghi\u1ec1n Watanabe PSW-3200 gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ed1t li\u1ec7u sau khi s\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc xu\u1ed1ng k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau. K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ed7 s\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m (l\u1edbp n\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng 20mm, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u1ea5p k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u 40mm, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u1ea5p kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn 75mm). S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef theo khu v\u1ef1c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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4<\/div>\n
Ki\u1ec3m tra ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m<\/strong>Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch s\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00e0i m\u00f2n LA cho m\u1ed7i l\u00f4 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0o danh m\u1ee5c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t theo khung ph\u00e1p l\u00fd v\u1ec1 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean c\u1ee7a EPA. Ghi ch\u00e9p qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh theo d\u00f5i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb khu v\u1ef1c khai th\u00e1c \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1eb7t cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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5<\/div>\n
V\u1ecb tr\u00ed t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i<\/strong>V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e1 d\u0103m th\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00fang m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t: v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u1ea5p n\u1ec1n k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u, l\u1edbp n\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u1ea5p c\u1ea3nh quan trong d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh l\u00e2n c\u1eadn. Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i c\u1ea7n x\u1eed l\u00fd gi\u1ea3m. D\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i v\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1edd vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed5 v\u00e0o b\u00e3i ch\u00f4n l\u1ea5p.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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\u0110\u00e0o gi\u1ebfng v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m ti\u1ec7n \u00edch<\/h2>\n

Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0o gi\u1ebfng ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn cho c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ti\u1ec7n \u00edch ng\u1ea7m \u2013 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n, gi\u1ebfng d\u1eabn c\u00e1p vi\u1ec5n th\u00f4ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m ch\u1ee9a n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u01b0a v\u00e0 c\u1ed1ng d\u1eabn n\u01b0\u1edbc \u2013 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e1 \u0111\u00e0o ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed gi\u1ebfng kh\u00e1c nhau trong th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1. M\u1ed7i gi\u1ebfng th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ea1o ra 100\u2013500 t\u1ea5n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e0o, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ec7n minh cho m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y nghi\u1ec1n c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u gi\u1ebfng trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ti\u1ec7n \u00edch. M\u1ed9t m\u00e1y nghi\u1ec1n di \u0111\u1ed9ng g\u1eafn tr\u00ean m\u00e1y k\u00e9o di chuy\u1ec3n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed gi\u1ebfng khi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o di\u1ec5n ra \u2013 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00e1y k\u00e9o hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 t\u1ea1i m\u1ed7i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed gi\u1ebfng thay v\u00ec y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y k\u00e9o chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng cho m\u1ed7i gi\u1ebfng \u2013 cung c\u1ea5p kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u1ed1t li\u1ec7u cho to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh gi\u1ebfng ch\u1ec9 v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 m\u00e1y nghi\u1ec1n duy nh\u1ea5t, v\u1edbi s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m nghi\u1ec1n t\u1eeb m\u1ed7i gi\u1ebfng cung c\u1ea5p cho vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u00e1 \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng mi\u1ec7ng gi\u1ebfng v\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn v\u00e0o t\u1ea1i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m ch\u1ee9a n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u01b0a ng\u1ea7m v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u2014 nh\u1eefng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u1edf h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a \u00dac \u2014 \u0111\u00e1 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng gi\u1ebfng v\u00e0 c\u1eeda h\u1ea7m \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 ngu\u1ed3n cung c\u1ea5p c\u1ed1t li\u1ec7u \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh trong su\u1ed1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh k\u00e9o d\u00e0i nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m. Vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nghi\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e1 di \u0111\u1ed9ng cho c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i chi ph\u00ed x\u1eed l\u00fd ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i li\u00ean t\u1ee5c th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n cung c\u1ea5p c\u1ed1t li\u1ec7u v\u1edbi chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n, gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 chi ph\u00ed t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh n\u0103m n\u00e0y qua n\u0103m kh\u00e1c trong su\u1ed1t v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

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V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u00f3t h\u1ea7m: B\u00ea t\u00f4ng phun v\u00e0 b\u00ea t\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fac s\u1eb5n d\u1ea1ng t\u1ea5m.<\/h2>\n

L\u1edbp l\u00f3t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m ng\u1ea7m \u2014 d\u00f9 l\u00e0 b\u00ea t\u00f4ng phun cho \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m khoan n\u1ed5 m\u00ecn hay c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n b\u00ea t\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fac s\u1eb5n cho \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m TBM \u2014 \u0111\u1ec1u y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ed1t li\u1ec7u b\u00ea t\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n AS 2758.1 cho b\u00ea t\u00f4ng k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ki\u1ec1m-silica (ASR) v\u00ec m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea5t duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec s\u1ef1 gi\u00e3n n\u1edf do ASR l\u00e2u d\u00e0i trong su\u1ed1t v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u00e1 \u0111\u00e0o trong \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m c\u00f3 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p (kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ASR th\u1ea5p, c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ee7, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 h\u1ea1i), vi\u1ec7c nghi\u1ec1n nh\u1ecf \u0111\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m c\u1ed1t li\u1ec7u b\u00ea t\u00f4ng l\u00f3t s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kinh t\u1ebf v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1, gi\u1ea3m c\u1ea3 chi ph\u00ed mua c\u1ed1t li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n b\u1eb1ng xe t\u1ea3i cho c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n

Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y \u2014 nghi\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e1 khai th\u00e1c v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00f3t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra \u2014 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea5u th\u1ea7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m \u1edf \u00dac khi c\u00e1c cam k\u1ebft v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng trong khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n d\u1ef1 \u00e1n khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n. C\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u1ed1t li\u1ec7u b\u00ea t\u00f4ng l\u00f3t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m gi\u1ed1ng h\u1ec7t v\u1edbi c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng b\u00ea t\u00f4ng k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u n\u00e0o, v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh Watanabe cho \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng n\u00e0y tu\u00e2n theo c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 trong c\u00e1c b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u1ed1t li\u1ec7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng trong lo\u1ea1t b\u00e0i n\u00e0y: \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 th\u1ea1ch h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e1 ngu\u1ed3n, th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00e0i m\u00f2n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n LA, h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p b\u00ea t\u00f4ng th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 l\u1ea5y m\u1eabu ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t li\u00ean t\u1ee5c trong su\u1ed1t th\u1eddi gian s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u00ea t\u00f4ng l\u00f3t.<\/p>\n

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Th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1 th\u1ea3i t\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u2192<\/a><\/div>\n

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\"Underground<\/div>\n

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Khung ph\u00e1p l\u00fd v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng cho vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e0o h\u1ea7m \u1edf \u00dac<\/h2>\n

Vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e0o h\u1ea7m theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean (\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mi\u1ec5n tr\u1eeb kh\u1ecfi quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i khi \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng) hay ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i (y\u00eau c\u1ea7u x\u1eed l\u00fd t\u1ea1i c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p) l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh kh\u1ea3 thi v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh nghi\u1ec1n v\u00e0 t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e0o h\u1ea7m. L\u1ec7nh Thu h\u1ed3i T\u00e0i nguy\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i R\u1eafn Chung (Kh\u00f4ng Ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y) c\u1ee7a C\u01a1 quan B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng NSW (NSW EPA) cung c\u1ea5p l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e0o h\u1ea7m \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, bao g\u1ed3m l\u00e0m n\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u1ea5p v\u00e0 c\u1ed1t li\u1ec7u tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc. Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n Tham chi\u1ebfu M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a Victoria \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean khai th\u00e1c (ENM) cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng. H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn DWER c\u1ee7a T\u00e2y \u00dac v\u1ec1 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u1ea5p cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u00edt chi ti\u1ebft h\u01a1n, cho vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u khai th\u00e1c c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i. Trong m\u1ed7i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u2014 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e0o h\u1ea7m, h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, theo d\u00f5i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb khu v\u1ef1c khai th\u00e1c \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ecb tr\u00ed cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u2014 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec t\u1eeb khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n khi v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n

B\u1ed9 h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ee7a Watanabe d\u00e0nh cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 theo d\u00f5i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a khung ph\u00e1p l\u00fd v\u1ec1 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean c\u1ee7a C\u01a1 quan B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng (EPA) ti\u1ec3u bang \u2014 t\u1eeb c\u00e1c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i ban \u0111\u1ea7u, h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00f4 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t cho \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb \u0111\u1eb7t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u. Quy tr\u00ecnh l\u1eadp h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 cho ph\u00e9p ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec1n th\u00e0nh t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh; m\u00e0 c\u00f2n cung c\u1ea5p cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o b\u00e1o c\u00e1o b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng theo ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh Green Star, C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 B\u1ec1n v\u1eefng C\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng (IS) v\u00e0 c\u00e1c khung KPI m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p trong c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m.<\/p>\n

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B\u00e3i \u0111\u1ed7 xe ng\u1ea7m v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0o h\u1ea7m: Kinh t\u1ebf v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb<\/h2>\n

Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0o h\u1ea7m s\u00e2u trong \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb \u2014 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0o \u0111\u00e1 s\u00e2u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho h\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 cao t\u1ea7ng, b\u00e3i \u0111\u1eadu xe ng\u1ea7m nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ea7ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ga t\u00e0u \u0111i\u1ec7n ng\u1ea7m \u2014 t\u1ea1o ra kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e1 kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3, g\u00e2y t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m chi ph\u00ed x\u1eed l\u00fd trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fac n\u01a1i vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0o b\u1edbi di\u1ec5n ra. Ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ed5 th\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m t\u1ea1i khu trung t\u00e2m Sydney (CBD) dao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf m\u1ee9c 150.000\u20131250.000 b\u1ea3ng Anh\/t\u1ea5n trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng 2023\u20132025, do s\u1ef1 b\u00e3o h\u00f2a c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u00e3i \u0111\u1ed5 th\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p n\u1eb1m trong ph\u1ea1m vi v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ebfn CBD. V\u1edbi m\u1ee9c ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ed5 th\u1ea3i n\u00e0y, vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0o h\u1ea7m 20.000 t\u1ea5n t\u1ea1o ra chi ph\u00ed x\u1eed l\u00fd ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i t\u1eeb 3.000 \u0111\u1ebfn 150.000 b\u1ea3ng Anh \u2014 m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n m\u1ee5c khi\u1ebfn b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n nghi\u1ec1n v\u00e0 t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 ho\u1eb7c g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3 n\u00e0o c\u0169ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i, ngay c\u1ea3 khi c\u1ed1t li\u1ec7u nghi\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1n v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea7y ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ea5p trong d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u00e3 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u1ec1n v\u00e0 t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0o ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o h\u1ea7m m\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u2014 th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00f4ng qua th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7u, trong \u0111\u00f3 nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e0o h\u1ea7m v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh m\u00e1y nghi\u1ec1n nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea1m vi qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i \u2014 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5ng ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m (gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed c\u1ed1t li\u1ec7u nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u) t\u1eeb $80 \u0111\u1ebfn $180 m\u1ed7i t\u1ea5n tr\u00ean t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u1ec1n v\u00e0 t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. V\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng 50% t\u1eeb 20.000 t\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e0o h\u1ea7m, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m t\u1ed5ng chi ph\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n t\u1eeb $800.000 \u0111\u1ebfn $1.800.000 \u2014 m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ea7ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng minh c\u00e1ch qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n trong ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i m\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n

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C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh c\u1ea7n xem x\u00e9t khi nghi\u1ec1n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u g\u1ea7n h\u1ea7m m\u1ecf.<\/h2>\n

Vi\u1ec7c v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh m\u00e1y nghi\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e1 li\u1ec1n k\u1ec1 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o h\u1ea7m ho\u1eb7c t\u1ea7ng h\u1ea7m \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi K\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd An to\u00e0n C\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng (SSMP) c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh an to\u00e0n v\u1ec1 kh\u00f4ng gian h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0o b\u1edbi. C\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 ch\u00ednh bao g\u1ed3m: duy tr\u00ec v\u00f9ng c\u1ea5m gi\u1eefa khu v\u1ef1c v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh m\u00e1y nghi\u1ec1n v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 h\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e0o ho\u1eb7c m\u00e9p gi\u1ebfng n\u00e0o \u0111ang m\u1edf (t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u 2m ngo\u00e0i v\u00f9ng c\u1ea5m k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u); giao di\u1ec7n x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u - tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 di chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u00e1 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1eeb khu v\u1ef1c l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ecb tr\u00ed m\u00e1y nghi\u1ec1n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh xung \u0111\u1ed9t gi\u1eefa xe c\u1ed9\/thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn th\u00f4ng tho\u00e1ng cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh m\u00e1y nghi\u1ec1n; qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1ee5i \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t quan tr\u1ecdng trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb, n\u01a1i b\u1ee5i silica t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c nghi\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e1 sa th\u1ea1ch ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e1 h\u1ea1t m\u1ecbn ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf li\u1ec1n k\u1ec1 ho\u1eb7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i b\u1ed9 tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed1; v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ti\u1ebfng \u1ed3n theo K\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd Ti\u1ebfng \u1ed3n X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u1ea3i t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00e1y nghi\u1ec1n nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n ti\u1ebfng \u1ed3n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian trong ng\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p. Watanabe cung c\u1ea5p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ti\u1ebfng \u1ed3n v\u00e0 b\u1ee5i c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y nghi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u SSMP c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, v\u00e0 nh\u00f3m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb v\u00e0 l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u1ebfng \u1ed3n c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y nghi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m li\u1ec1n k\u1ec1.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\"Urban<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

K\u1ebf to\u00e1n carbon v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng cho c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i.<\/h2>\n

\u0110i\u1ec3m t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 T\u00ednh b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng C\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng (IS) v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng C\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng Sao Xanh (Green Star Infrastructure) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p cho vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c minh th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i. M\u1ed7i t\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i h\u1ea7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u1ec1n v\u00e0 t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 ho\u1eb7c trong m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd thay th\u1ebf c\u1ea3 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng carbon t\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a c\u1ed1t li\u1ec7u nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u m\u00e0 n\u00f3 thay th\u1ebf (kho\u1ea3ng 5\u201320 kg CO\u2082-e m\u1ed7i t\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1 nghi\u1ec1n) v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i b\u1eb1ng xe t\u1ea3i m\u00e0 n\u00f3 tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng 50.000 t\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i, t\u1ed5ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng carbon ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u2014 th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 500\u20131.500 t\u1ea5n CO\u2082-e t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n b\u1eb1ng xe t\u1ea3i \u2014 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 v\u00e0o c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n trong Ti\u00eau ch\u00ed \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 IS ho\u1eb7c Ti\u00eau ch\u00ed \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 d\u1ef1 th\u1ea7u b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng.<\/p>\n

Khung t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a Watanabe d\u00e0nh cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c m\u1eabu k\u1ebf to\u00e1n carbon ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi C\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a \u00dac v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u00ednh to\u00e1n x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng IS, cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o l\u1ee3i \u00edch carbon c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i trong m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp cho vi\u1ec7c n\u1ed9p h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng IS. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u1eadp t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t khi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7u l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb nghi\u1ec1n cho c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ng\u1ea7m l\u1edbn, n\u01a1i c\u00e1c cam k\u1ebft b\u00e1o c\u00e1o b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ed3ng gh\u00e9p v\u00e0o khung th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

N\u0103ng l\u1ef1c thi c\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ng\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a Watanabe<\/h2>\n

C\u00f4ng ty TNHH M\u00e1y nghi\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e1 Watanabe Tractor c\u1ee7a \u00dac mang \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ng\u1ea7m s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng nghi\u1ec1n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 l\u1eadp h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t cho m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb l\u1edbn. Watanabe hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1 th\u1ea3i trong d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c nghi\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e1 \u2014 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eadp h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh b\u00e1o c\u00e1o v\u1ec1 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 t\u00ednh b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng, \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc m\u00e1y v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh. G\u00f3i t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty, chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n v\u1ec1 c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh m\u00e1y nghi\u1ec1n tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e1 h\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a \u00dac v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng tri\u1ec3n khai nhanh ch\u00f3ng khi\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng ty tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c thi\u1ebft th\u1ef1c cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m \u0111ang t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1 th\u1ea3i nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n trong ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi nh\u00f3m Watanabe t\u1ea1i tractor-stone-crusher.com\/contact-us\/<\/a> ho\u1eb7c email sales@tractor-stone-crusher.com<\/strong> H\u00e3y cung c\u1ea5p cho ch\u00fang t\u00f4i lo\u1ea1i d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e1 khai th\u00e1c v\u00e0 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e0o th\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n v\u1ec1 c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

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\"Watanabe<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\n

S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt d\u00e0nh cho c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u00e0o h\u1ea7m v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ng\u1ea7m.<\/h2>\n
\"Watanabe<\/p>\n
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M\u00e1y nghi\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e1 Watanabe PSW-3200 Series<\/h3>\n

D\u00f2ng m\u00e1y PSW-3200 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t (80\u2013150 t\u1ea5n\/gi\u1edd) v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1eed l\u00fd k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng nghi\u1ec1n s\u01a1 c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i h\u1ea7m l\u00f2. C\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng tr\u1ee5c PTO cho ph\u00e9p tri\u1ec3n khai t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c t\u1eadp k\u1ebft v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u trong \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n, v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ecf g\u1ecdn khi g\u1eafn tr\u00ean m\u00e1y k\u00e9o cho ph\u00e9p v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb. B\u1ed9 l\u01b0\u1edbi s\u00e0ng t\u1eeb 10\u201375mm bao ph\u1ee7 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i, t\u1eeb v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea7y k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn. R\u00f4to ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i n\u1eb7ng x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u, b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n b\u00ea t\u00f4ng phun th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5y trong \u0111\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i h\u1ea7m l\u00f2 khoan n\u1ed5 m\u00ecn. Tr\u1ecdn b\u1ed9 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao g\u1ed3m \u0111\u1ec3 tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 khung ph\u00e1p l\u00fd v\u1ec1 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean c\u1ee7a EPA. Ph\u1ee5 t\u00f9ng v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt t\u1ea1i \u00dac t\u1eeb Condell Park NSW 2200.<\/p>\n

Xem d\u00f2ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m PSW-3200 \u2192<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p \u2014 M\u00e1y nghi\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e1, \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m v\u00e0 C\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ng\u1ea7m<\/h2>\n
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\n1. Li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e0o h\u1ea7m c\u00f3 c\u1ea7n Gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u T\u00e1i ch\u1ebf tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u1ec1n v\u00e0 t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m c\u1ed1t li\u1ec7u \u1edf NSW kh\u00f4ng?+<\/span><\/summary>\n
T\u1ea1i NSW, \u0111\u00e1 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m b\u1edfi c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u nguy h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed v\u1ec1 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i r\u1eafn th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng (kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y) theo \u0110\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u0103m 1997 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i theo L\u1ec7nh Thu h\u1ed3i T\u00e0i nguy\u00ean hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n Gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ri\u00eang cho ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nghi\u1ec1n. C\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ch\u00ednh l\u00e0: v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh v\u00e0 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc; vi\u1ec7c nghi\u1ec1n v\u00e0 t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ea3i di\u1ec5n ra t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t (th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1eb1m trong ranh gi\u1edbi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n theo s\u1ef1 ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn SSD ho\u1eb7c DA c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n); v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i duy tr\u00ec h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 theo d\u00f5i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1 th\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n ra kh\u1ecfi c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 s\u1edf nghi\u1ec1n ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n Gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng (EPL) cho vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i. Lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00e1 th\u1ea3i.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n
\n2. Li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1 th\u1ea3i t\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng b\u00ea t\u00f4ng phun (c\u00f3 s\u1ee3i gia c\u01b0\u1eddng) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y nghi\u1ec1n Watanabe kh\u00f4ng?+<\/span><\/summary>\n
\u0110\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gia c\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eb1ng s\u1ee3i th\u00e9p v\u00e0 ph\u1ee7 b\u00ea t\u00f4ng phun c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd s\u01a1 b\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o m\u00e1y nghi\u1ec1n Watanabe. S\u1ee3i th\u00e9p trong nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u nghi\u1ec1n g\u00e2y ra hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1ee1 v\u1ee5n b\u00faa r\u00f4to, t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn l\u01b0\u1edbi s\u00e0ng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng r\u00f4to \u2013 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u x\u1eed l\u00fd s\u01a1 b\u1ed9 l\u00e0: \u0111\u1eadp v\u1ee1 \u0111\u00e1 ph\u1ee7 b\u00ea t\u00f4ng phun th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c m\u1ea3nh v\u1ee5n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ed9 l\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ee3i, sau \u0111\u00f3 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng tay ho\u1eb7c t\u00e1ch b\u1eb1ng nam ch\u00e2m c\u00e1c b\u00f3 s\u1ee3i th\u00e9p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o m\u00e1y nghi\u1ec1n. B\u00ea t\u00f4ng phun gia c\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eb1ng s\u1ee3i polypropylene (PP) \u00edt g\u00e2y v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 h\u01a1n \u2013 s\u1ee3i PP kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y h\u01b0 h\u1ea1i r\u00f4to \u2013 nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn l\u01b0\u1edbi s\u00e0ng \u1edf c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc s\u01a1 b\u1ed9 n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3. Watanabe khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb n\u00ean tham kh\u1ea3o \u00fd ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bnh\u00f3m k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh nghi\u1ec1n tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m b\u00ea t\u00f4ng phun \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00fd s\u01a1 b\u1ed9 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00e1y nghi\u1ec1n an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n
\n3. C\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ki\u1ec3m tra h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m l\u00e0 c\u1ed1t li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf theo khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a C\u01a1 quan B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng NSW l\u00e0 g\u00ec?+<\/span><\/summary>\n
Theo L\u1ec7nh Thu h\u1ed3i T\u00e0i nguy\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i R\u1eafn Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng (Kh\u00f4ng Ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y) c\u1ee7a C\u01a1 quan B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng NSW (NSW EPA), \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e0o h\u1ea7m d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i l\u00e0m c\u1ed1t li\u1ec7u ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau sau: \u0111\u1ed9 pH; \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n; t\u1ed5ng hydrocarbon d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf (TPH); BTEX (benzen, toluen, ethylbenzen, xylen); hydrocarbon th\u01a1m \u0111a v\u00f2ng (PAH); thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb s\u00e2u h\u1eefu c\u01a1 clo v\u00e0 h\u1eefu c\u01a1 photphat; kim lo\u1ea1i bao g\u1ed3m asen, bari, cadmi, crom, \u0111\u1ed3ng, ch\u00ec, th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n, niken, selen, b\u1ea1c v\u00e0 k\u1ebdm; v\u00e0 ami\u0103ng (ki\u1ec3m tra b\u1eb1ng m\u1eaft th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi ph\u00e2n t\u00edch trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m NATA n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 s\u1ee3i nghi ng\u1edd). T\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t l\u1ea5y m\u1eabu th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1eabu t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p tr\u00ean 500\u20131.000 t\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e0o h\u1ea7m \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t, t\u1eeb ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c NATA c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed c\u1ee7a EPA cho lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn. G\u00f3i t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ee7a Watanabe bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t m\u1eabu l\u1ecbch tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ec3m tra ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u n\u00e0y.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n
\n4. Vi\u1ec7c nghi\u1ec1n v\u00e0 t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1 \u0111\u00e0o h\u1ea7m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao nhi\u00eau chi ph\u00ed cho m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ng\u1ea7m \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh c\u00f3 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 100.000 t\u1ea5n?+<\/span><\/summary>\n
\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb 100.000 t\u1ea5n, trong \u0111\u00f3 40% \u0111\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i (40.000 t\u1ea5n) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u1ec1n nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3: ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed x\u1eed l\u00fd: 40.000 t\u1ea5n \u00d7 $150\u2013$200\/t\u1ea5n ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ed5 th\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00e1nh = $6\u2013$8 tri\u1ec7u. Ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m c\u1ed1t li\u1ec7u nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u: 40.000 t\u1ea5n \u00d7 $50\u2013$90\/t\u1ea5n = $2\u2013$3,6 tri\u1ec7u. T\u1ed5ng ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m g\u1ed9p: $8\u2013$11,6 tri\u1ec7u. Tr\u1eeb chi ph\u00ed v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh nghi\u1ec1n: 40.000 t\u1ea5n \u00d7 $18\u2013$25\/t\u1ea5n = $720k\u2013$1 tri\u1ec7u. Ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m r\u00f2ng: kho\u1ea3ng $7\u2013$10,6 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f4 la cho ph\u1ea7n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ng\u1ea7m quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn. C\u00e1c con s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e1 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u1ea3 d\u1ee5ng. Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kinh t\u1ebf cao nh\u1ea5t \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c trung t\u00e2m th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Sydney v\u00e0 Melbourne, n\u01a1i ph\u00ed x\u1eed l\u00fd ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i cao nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u1eaft nh\u1ea5t. Li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi Watanabe \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh chi ph\u00ed c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m v\u00e0 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n
\n5. C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 IS Rating Tool cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng n\u00e0o cho vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e0o h\u1ea7m th\u00f4ng qua ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nghi\u1ec1n t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7?+<\/span><\/summary>\n
C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 IS c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n B\u1ec1n v\u1eefng C\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng (phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n 2.0) bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng trong h\u1ea1ng m\u1ee5c V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u2014 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 MA-2 (T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u) v\u00e0 MA-3 (S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u) \u2014 nh\u1eb1m th\u01b0\u1edfng cho nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c minh. Vi\u1ec7c nghi\u1ec1n v\u00e0 t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1 th\u1ea3i t\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n t\u1ea1o n\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3m t\u1ed5ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn b\u00e3i ch\u00f4n l\u1ea5p, t\u0103ng t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf ho\u1eb7c thu h\u1ed3i, v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng carbon t\u00edch h\u1ee3p trong chu\u1ed7i cung \u1ee9ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u. \u0110i\u1ec3m t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o t\u1ed5ng t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng b\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1 th\u1ea3i t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c minh b\u1eb1ng h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 theo d\u00f5i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u. G\u00f3i t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a Watanabe t\u1ea1o ra d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 d\u00f2ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho vi\u1ec7c n\u1ed9p h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 IS. \u0110\u1ec3 \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, h\u00e3y li\u00ean h\u1ec7 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n B\u1ec1n v\u1eefng C\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng ho\u1eb7c thu\u00ea m\u1ed9t Chuy\u00ean gia \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c IS c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1 th\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Tunneling & Underground Works Spoil Management, Excavated Rock Reuse, and On-Site Aggregate Production A tunneling and underground construction guide covering how on-site stone crushers convert tunnel spoil, cut-and-cover excavation rock, and basement excavation material into reusable aggregate \u2014 reducing disposal costs, cutting imported aggregate expenditure, and supporting circular construction principles across Australian road tunnels, rail […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-472","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tractor-stone-crusher.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/472","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tractor-stone-crusher.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tractor-stone-crusher.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tractor-stone-crusher.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tractor-stone-crusher.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=472"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/tractor-stone-crusher.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/472\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":475,"href":"https:\/\/tractor-stone-crusher.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/472\/revisions\/475"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tractor-stone-crusher.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=472"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tractor-stone-crusher.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=472"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tractor-stone-crusher.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=472"}],"curies":[{"name":"trang web","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}